be动词(英语动词)
在英语语法中,be动词意思和用法很多,一般的意思是:是,此种用法,有多种变化形式,is,am,are,was,were,being,been,to be。另外,be动词还有成为的意思。根据句子中不同的人称、数和时态,应该选择相应的be动词。英语的“be”是个特殊动词;有些语言,如马来文等,并没有“be”这样的动词。在句子中,“be”可以是主动词(The Principal Verb)或助动词(The Auxiliary Verb),当做主动词时,“be”在性质上属于接系动词(The Linking Verb),后面要有名词、形容词、地方副词或短语作补足语(The Complement)。
中文名be动词
be verb
is,am,are,was,were,being
[bi:]
所有时态
用法
be (be/is/are/am/was/were)
[bi:]
vi
he is, we are, you are, they are (缩略式 I'm, you're, he's, we're, you're, they're), (否定缩略式 I'm not, isn't, aren't), 过去时 I was, you were, he was, we were, you were, they were (过去时否定缩略式 wasn't, weren't),过去分词been,现在分词being
英语的“be”是个特殊动词;有些语言,如马来文等,并没有“be”这样的动词。
“Be”除了原形的“be”之外,还有另外七种形式:am, is, are, been, being, was, were.
在句子中,“be”可以是主动词(The Principal Verb)或助动词(The Auxiliary Verb)
例句对照
【当做主动词时,“be”在性质上属于接系动词(The Linking Verb), 后面要有名词、形容词、地方副词或短语作补足语(The Complement)。】例如:
The man is a science teacher.
这个男子是一位科学教师。
Mary's new dresses are colourful.
玛丽的新衣服色彩鲜艳。
I have been there before.
我以前去过那里。
My mother is in the kitchen now.
我妈妈现在在厨房里。
★这四个都是陈述句,可以变成疑问句,方法简单,把主语和“be”或助动词对换位置即可:
Is the man a science teacher?
Are Mary's new dresses colourful?
Have I beenthere before?
Is mother in the kitchen now?
★当“be”要在祈使句中出现时,陈述句可借助助动词“do”,否定句必须在前加上助动词“don't”,如:
Don't be silly!
Do be obedient!
Be careful!
Don'tbe a fool!
★“Be”有两种缩写法,如下:
He's not...../He isn't....
You're not...../You aren't...
★但“am + not”的缩写法只有一个:
I'm not.
有人用“ain't”, 但这并不是标准英语。
谈过了“be”作主动词的功能
【1.】“Be + 现在分词”以组成进行式时态(Continuous Tenses),如:
Tony's maid is washing his new car.
The children are playing in the field.
Samuel was eating when I came in.
We have been living here since 1959.
形式
有不同的be动词,基本上为:
am,is,are,was,were,been,being,be。
被动语态
被动语态的基本结构为be+done(Be动词+动词过去分词)
一般现在时:am/is/are+done
一般过去时:was/were+done
一般将来时:will+be+done
现在进行时:am/is/are+being+done
过去进行时:was/were+being+done
现在完成时:have/has+been+done
过去完成时:had+been+done
一般构句
代词/专有名词+be+普通名词(如:We are brother)
代词+be+专有名词(如:I am Alice)
代词/专有名词+be+物主代词+普通名词(如I am your sister)
参考资料1.教育资讯:英语be动词有哪些·教育新闻网