人教版小六英语知识点

关于人教版小六英语知识点

1.小学六年级英语上册重点

1.复习并掌握有关过去式的基本结构和基本用法，复习并渗透一些常用动词变过去分词的规则。

2.继续学习如何询问在过去什么时间做了什么事；过去的某个时间发生了什么事；怎样发生的事功能句。继续学习本单元动词过去式句型的基本结构和基本用法。继续学习动词过去式的构成法及应用。

3.学习关于过去人们的出行方式是怎样的表达方式。学习be动词过去式在疑问句和肯定/否定句中的用法。

（这些在目标检测上都有，分别在p1、p12、p23、p34、p41、p54、p66）

2.小学英语PEP六年级上册重点

人教版人教版人教版人教版（PEP）小学英语六年级上册复习重点小学英语六年级上册复习重点小学英语六年级上册复习重点小学英语六年级上册复习重点 1. 话题：询问和回答人们日常出行的方式以及常用的交通规则。

2. 语音：能够了解辅音/p/,/b/,/t/,/d/与元音/i:/, /i/的发音规则，并能读出相关例词 3. 单词及短语：by, foot, bike, bus, train, plane, ship, subway, how, go to school, then, traffic, traffic light, traffic rule, stop, wait, get to, always, know, drive on the left/ right side 4. 重点句型：How do you go to school? Usually I go to school on foot. Sometimes I go by bike. Stop at a red light. Wait at a yellow light. Go at a green light. How can I get to Zhongshan Park? You can go by the No.15 bus. 话题：日常活动（交通） 时态：一般现在时 句型： 1. How 引导的特殊疑问句，围绕人们的出行方式展开交际：--- How do you + 行为活动？--- I + 行为活动 + 出行方式。例： A: How do you go to school? B: I usually go to school on foot. 2. How 引导的特殊疑问句，外出问路：--- How can I get to + 目的地？--- You can go + 交通方式。

例： A: How can I get to Zhongshan park? B: You can go by the No. 15 bus. Unit 2 Where is the science museum? 1. 话题：问路及指点方向。 2. 语音： 能够了解辅音/k/,/g/,/f/,/v/,/s/,/z/与元音/e /, /Q/的发音规则，并能读出相关例词 3. 单词及短语：Library, post office, hospital, cinema, bookstore, science museum, excuse me, where, please, next to want ,a pair of, minute, north, south, east, west, turn, right, left, straight, then, tell, take 4. 重点句型：Where is the cinema, please? It's next to the hospital. Is it far from here? No, it's not far. Turn left at the cinema, then go straight. It's on the left. 话题：日常活动（外出） 时态：一般现在时 句型： 1. Where 引导的特殊疑问句，就建筑物的位置进行问答：--- Where is + 建筑物？ --- It's next to + 建筑物。

例： A: Where is the cinema, please? B: It's next to the hospital. 2. 祈使句，外出活动。例：Turn left at the cinema, then go straight. Unit 3 What are you going to do? 1. 话题：询问并回答未来几天或周末的活动安排 2. 语音：能够了解辅音D/,/T/ /N/,/m/,/n/，/与元音 /，A/ /V/的发音规则，并能读出相关例词 3. 单词及短语：next week, this morning, this afternoon, this evening, tonight, tomorrow, take a trip, read a magazine, go to the cinema, comic book, post card, newspaper, magazine, dictionary, shoe store, buy 4. 重点句型：What are you going to do on the weekend? I'm going to visit my grandparents this weekend. I'm going to the cinema. Where are you going this afternoon? I'm going to the bookstore. What are you going to buy? I am going to buy a comic bookWhen are you going? I am going at 3 o' clock. What/ where/ when is sb. going…？ 话题：日常活动（打算、计划） 时态：一般将来时 句型：What, Where, When等引导的特殊疑问句，对将要进行的活动等进行问答：--- What are you doing to do + 时间？--- I'm going to + 行为活动。

--- Where / When are you going? --- I'm going + 地点 / 时间。例： A: What are you going to do on the weekend? B: I'm going to visit my grandparents this weekend. Unit 4 I have a pen pal 1. 话题：业务爱好及日常生活 2. 语音：能够了解辅音Z/,/S/ /,/l/,/r/与元音 /，：Z/ /E/的发音规则，并能读出相关例词 3. 单词及短语： hobby, ride a bike (riding a bike), dive(diving), play the violin(playing the violin), make kites(making kites), collect stamps(collecting stamps), look, fun, with, live (lives), teach (teaches), go (goes), watch (watches), read (reads), does, doesn't = does not 4. 重点句型： What is your hobby? I like collecting stamps. What is her/ his hobby? She/ He likes collecting stamps. Does your pen pal live in Shanghai? No, he doesn't. He lives in Beijing. Does she teach English? Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't. 话题：爱好、日常活动 时态：一般现在时、第三人称单数 句型： 1. What 引导的特殊疑问句，互相交流各自的兴趣爱好：--- What's your hobby? --- I like + 行为活动（doing）。

例： A: What's your hobby? B: I like collecting stamps. 2. 第三人称单数作主语：He / She + 动词的第三人称单数形式（does）。例： He likes collecting stamps, too. 3. Does 引导的一般疑问句，用来确定自己对事情的判断：--- Does he / she + 动词原形？--- Yes, he / she does. No, he / she doesn't. 例： A: Does she teach English? B: No, she doesn't. Unit 5 What does she do???? 1. 话题：职业 2. 语音：能够了解辅音S /w/,/j/,/h/,/t /Z /,/d与元音 /，：u/ /u/的发音规则，并能读出相关例词 3. 单词及短语： singer, writer, actor, actress, artist, TV reporter, show, engineer, accountant, policeman, salesperson, cleaner, where, work 4. 重点句型： What does she/ he do? She/ He is a/an … What are you going to be? I am going to be …Where does she work? She works in a car 。

3.小学六年级英语知识点

句子时态要注意：现在进行时 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 现在完成时搞清楚+do +to do +dong例子：want（想要） plan（计划） 要用to do promise（答应） need（需要） 。

另：动词三剑客（三种时态）请记牢！！！ 例如：put-put-put 上课记的笔记请背出现在进行时：be+V ing一般现在时：动词原形；三单形式一般过去时：动词过去式一般将来时：will/be going to+动词原形 （自打的！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！！11!!!）。

4.小学六年级英语上册（人教版）重点及语法知识改写句子之类的重点复

小升初小学英语语法复习要点归纳资料介绍：

一、名词复数规则

1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i， 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries

4.以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v， 再加-es，如：knife-knives 5.不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet,.tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

二、一般现在时

1.一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作，也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。

2.一般现在时中，没有be动词和情态动词，主语为第三人称单数的肯定句，动词要按规则加上s，主语是非第三人称单数的肯定句，动词用原形。

3.在一般现在时中，句中有be动词或情态动词时，否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not，一般疑问句将be动词或情态动词放在句首。 4.在一般现在时中，句中没有be动词或情态动词时，主语为第三人称单数的否定句在动词前加does+not (doesn't)，一般疑问句在句首加does，句子中原有动词用原形；主语为非第三人称单数，否定句用do+not (don't)，一般疑问句在句首加do，句子中动词用原形。 动词+s的变化规则

1.一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks

2 .以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i， 再加-es，如：study-studies 三、现在进行时

1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.

3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。

4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。

动词加ing的变化规则

1.一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking

2.以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting

3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping

四、be going to

1.be going to 表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。

2.肯定句：be going to +动词原形，如：Jim is going to play football. 否定句：be not going to +动词原形，如：Jim is not going to play football. 一般疑问句：把be动词调到句首，如：Is Jim going to play football？ 特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语+going to+动词原形？如：What is Jim going to do？ 疑问词当主语时：疑问词+be+going to+动词原形？如：Who is going to play football?

五、一般过去时

2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化： ⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn't)

5.小学英语六年级上册复习资料

以下是需要复习的题目：一、找出划线部分发音与其他不同的选项。

（5%）( ) 1. A. spring B. wrong C. sink D. winter( ) 2. A. near B. hear C. pear D. year( ) 3. A. television B. sit C. stand D. see( ) 4. A. ferry B. send C. bridge D. red( ) 5. A. book B. good C. look D. school 二、选出不同类的单词。（5%）( ) 1. A. me B. us C. him D. their ( ) 2. A. China B. Australia C. Hainan D. Thailand ( ) 3. A. first B. two C. third D. fourth( ) 4. A. fell B. broke C. put D. did( ) 5. A. must B. should C. want D. can 三、根据句意及字母提示补全句子。

5%1. I'm sorry I'm late, b__________ the traffic is bad.2. Here is a c_______ from your friend with his best wish.3. Think hard and you'll have an i_______.4. I'm tired. I'm going to have a r________.5. What are you going to do n______ week？四、用所给单词的正确形式填空。1. I do my homework by________ (me).2. Peter sometimes talk_________ (loud) in my room.3. Jack saw dad and_________(run) to him quickly.4. Dad__________(brush) his teeth twice a day. 5. _________(not hide) under the bed. It's dirty.6. I________ (real) don't know his telephone number.7. That wallet isn't __________(I).8. Look! The boys are________(play) football.五、选择题：（10%）( ) 1. ---Did you use a phone to call your aunt? ---No, but I _________an email to her A. sended B. sent C. send D. sending( ) 2.---What did you do in your summer holiday? ---I and a lot.A. swim; read B. swam; reading C. swam; read D. swimming; reading( ) 3. Tim and I made the kite by_____________.A. himself B. myself C. ourselves D. themselves( ) 4.--- What shall we do when a typhoon comes? ---You must .A. go outside B. use home phone C. put plants inside D.stand near the window( ) 5. ---May I use your mobile phone. --- .A. No. Here you are. B. Sure. Here you are. C. Of course you can't. D. Certainly not.( ) 6. We don't have it ___________. A. again B. anymore C. either D. too( ) 7. The robot washes the clothes _________ a day. A. two times B. two C. second D. twice( ) 8. Tim and his friends made a model by ____________. A. himself B. themselves C. ourselves D. hisself( ) 9. Mr. Lee washed _________ clothes by ________. A. his…herself B. him…himself C. her…herself D. his…himself( ) 10. Mr. Chen ______ kung fu and ______ a prize last year.A. practised… win B. practised…won C. practised…winned D. practise…won 六、根据所给汉语完成句子。

5%1. 上周我们32313133353236313431303231363533e78988e69d8331333335303464去了荔枝公园。____________ __________ ， we________ to the Lychee Park.2. 你最喜爱的科目是哪一科？What is your ______________ _____________?3. 请安静，小孩在睡觉。

Please ___________ __________ ! The babies are __________.4. 我们每天有大量的家庭作业要做。We have __________ of homework to _________ every.七、判断下列做法是否恰当，恰当的打“√”，不恰当的打“*”。

（10%）( ) 1. Tom is my new friend. Yesterday, I met him the first time and hugged him.( ) 2. I met Mr. Black and Sue the first time last Sunday. I shook hands with Mr. Black and waved to Sue.( ) 3. Tim said 'Excuse me.' and pushed when he was walking on a busy street on Sunday afternoon. ( ) 4. We went to the zoo yesterday. We lined up and waited for the bus.( ) 5. On the bus, we pushed and ran to the first seat.( ) 6. When I heard the fire alarm, I took the lift and got to the playground first.( ) 7. When the fire alarm rang, Dad called 119 and waited for the firemen on the street.( ) 8. When I left my room, I turned on the lights and fans.( ) 9. They talked loudly when they were eating.( ) 10. Bob set the table when lunch was ready.八、完型填空。10% Class Three aren't going to have (1) lessons tomorrow. They are going to help the farmers (2) their work (3) the farm . They are going to pick apples. Many students think (4) is (5) more interesting than having class. They are going to (6) at the school gate. They are going there (7) bus. They are going to (8) their (9) clothes. They are going to (10) hard.1. A. any B. many C. so D. not any2. A. in B. at C. with D. by3. A. for B. in C. on D. with4. A. it B. they C. he D. she5. A. many B. some C. a lot of D. much6. A. meeting B. meet C. seeing D. get7. A. on B. in C. by D. taking8. A. buy B. put C. dress D. wear9. A. new B. old C. big D. small10.A. work B. study C. learn D. do 九、阅读理解。

5% How to keep healthy Everybody wants to be healthy. You know food is very important. There are many healthy foods. You can have more bananas, apples, oranges, tomatoes and lettuce （生菜） because fruits and vegetables are good for you. But don't eat too much chocolate. It's not 。

6.人教版六年级英语重点知识

六年级第一学期重点词汇和语言知识点（2012.1）一、六年级第一学期要求掌握的词汇中的重点词汇（80个）1 almost adv.几乎 41 kind adj.善良的，友好的 2 amazing adj.令人惊异的 42 laugh at v.嘲笑 3 another adj. 另一，再一 43 least adj. 最少的，最小的 4 area n.地区 44 less adj. 更少的，更小的 5 around prep.在周围 45 lemon n.柠檬 6 away adv. 远离，离开 46 late adj.迟的 7 beautiful adj.美丽的 47 lunchtime n.午餐时间 8 beef n.牛肉 48 medal n.奖牌 9 body n.身体 49 metre n.米 10 boil v.沸腾，煮… 50 minute n.分钟 11 brave adj. 勇敢的 51 Monkey King n.孙悟空 12 bright adj.明亮的，聪明的 52 most adj.最多 13 building n.楼，建筑物 53 near adj.近的 14 centimeter n.厘米 54 near to 离…近 15 character n.人物 55 New Zealand n.新西兰 16 city n.城市 56 planet n.行星 17 could conj.能，能够 57 pork n.猪肉 18 country n.国家，农村，乡下 58 province n.省 19 delicious adj.美味的 59 question n.问题 20 during prep.在期间 60 river n.河流 21 earth n.地球 61 runner n.赛跑者，操作者 22 exercise v.锻炼 62 salt n.盐 23 fact n.事实 63 second place n.第二名 24 famous adj.著名的 64 shark n.鲨鱼 25 far adj.远的 65 since conj.自从，既然，因为 26 first place n.第一名 66 smart adj.聪明的，伶俐的 27 funny adj.滑稽的 67 Snow White n.白雪公主 28 give out v.颁发 68 sour adj.酸的 29 hard-working adj.努力工作的 69 state n.州 30 heavy adj.重的 70 still adv.仍然 31 high adj.高的 71 strong adj.强壮的 32 honest adj.诚实的 72 talk about 谈论，讨论 33 huge adj.巨大的 73 talk to 和…说话 34 hurdle n.跨栏 74 team n.队，组 35 important adj.重要的 75 test n.测试 36 in fact 事实上 76 third place n.第三名 37 island n.小岛 77 wake up 叫醒， 醒来 38 Journey tothe West n.西游记 78 weak adj.虚弱的 39 jumper n.跳跃的人 79 weight n.哑铃 40 kilogram n.千克 80 winner n.获胜者 二、六年级第一学期要求掌握的重点语言知识点（Book 11，约20个核心句子）：Last year, you were tall. This year, you are taller.I was short. This year, I'm taller and heavier. I'm taller than Kim now.Peter is faster than Tom.The longest river in China is the Yangtze River.What is the highest mountain in the world?Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.The sun is huge. It's much bigger than the Earth. The Earth is one of the hottest planets.You're a better jumper this year than last year. Alice is the best jumper in the school.They won more medals than Dragon Team.They won the most medals and they are in first place.She had the best score. He had the most gold medals.He was the fastest runner in the 2004 Olympics. His record was 7.81 seconds.I like Monkey King the best.He is the most interesting character.She is more beautiful than Cinderella.I like vegetables so I brought vegetable soup.I need some water or juice.I put in lots of chocolate and sugar. It's delicious but it's not healthy to eat too much sweet food.。

7.人教版六年级英语基础知识复习资料

PEP小学英语毕业总复习一：学生易错词汇1. a, an的选择： 元音音素开头的单词用an，辅音音素开头的单词用a.2. am , is , are的选择： 单数用is ， 复数用are, I 用 am , you 用 are.3. have , has 的选择： 表示某人有某物。

单数用has ， 复数用have, I /you 用 have .4. there is, there are 的选择：表示某地有某物或某人。单数用there is ， 复数用there are.5. some, any 的选择：肯定句用some， 疑问句和否定句用any.6. 疑问词的选择：what （什么） who （谁） where （哪里） whose （谁的） why（为什么）when（什么时候）which（哪一个）how old （多大） how many （多少）how much（多少钱） 二：形容词比较级详解当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。

比较级的句子结构通常是：什么 + 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than（比）+ 什么 ，如：I'm taller and heavier than you. （我比你更高和更重。）An elephant is bigger than a tiger. （一只大象比一只老虎更大。）

形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的，它的变化规则是：① 一般的直接在词尾加er ，如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ，② 以e结尾的，直接加r ，如 fine – finer ，③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的，先改y为i再加er，如funny - funnier④ 双写最后的字母再加er，如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter☆注意☆ 比较的两者应该是互相对应的可比较的东西。典型错误：My hair is longer than you.（我的头发比你更长。）

比较的两者是我的头发、你（整个人），那么比较的对象就没有可比性。应该改为：My hair is longer than yours. 或My hair is longer than your hair.比较级专项练习： 一、从下面中选出合适的单词完成句子heavy tall long big(1) How is the Yellow River?(2) How is Mr Green? He's 175cm.(3) How are your feet? I wear size 18.(4)How is the fish? It's 2kg.二、根据句意写出所缺的单词（1） I'm 12 years old. You're 14. I'm than you.(2) A rabbit's tail is than a monkey's tail.(3) An elephant is than a pig.(4) A lake is than a sea.(5) A basketball is than a football.（贵的）三、根据中文完成句子.（1） 我比我的弟弟大三岁. I'm than my brother.(2) 这棵树要比那棵树高. This tree than that one.(3) 你比他矮四厘米. You are than he.(4) 谁比你重？ than you？四、根据答句写出问句（1） I'm 160 cm.(2) I'm 12 years old.(4) Amy's hair is 30 cm long.三：动词过去式详解 动词的过去式的构成规则有：A、规则动词① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed：如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited② 以e结尾的动词直接加d：如 lived , danced , used③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed（此类动词较少）如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried （注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y，所以不属于此类）④ 双写最后一个字母（此类动词较少）如 stopped B、不规则动词（此类词并无规则，须熟记）小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式：sing – sang , eat – ate ,see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told , draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found , drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt四：动词现在分词详解 动词的ing形式的构成规则：① 一般的直接在后面加上ing ， 如doing , going , working , singing , eating② 以e 结尾的动词，要先去e再加ing ，如having , writing③ 双写最后一个字母的（此类动词极少）有：running , swimming , sitting , getting五：人称和数 人称代词 物主代词 主格 宾格 第一人称 单数 I（我） me my（我的） 复数 we（我们） us our（我们的）第二人称 单数 you（你） you your（你的） 复数 you（你们） you your（你们的）第三人称 单数 he（他） him his（他的） she（她） her her（她的） it（它） it its（它的） 复数 they（他们/她们/它们） them their（他们的/她们的/它们的）六：句型专项归类1、肯定句：是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子，如：I'm a student. She is a doctor. He works in a hospital. There are four fans in our classroom. He will eat lunch at 12:00. I watched TV yesterday evening.2、否定句：含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子，如：I'm not a student. She is not (isn't) a doctor. He does not (doesn't) work in a hospital. There are not (aren't) four fans in our classroom. He will not (won't) eat lunch at 12:00. I did not (didn't) watch TV yesterday evening.☆注意☆ 小结：否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。

有动词be的句子则“not”加在be后面，可缩写成“isn't,aren't”，但am not 一般都分开写。没有动词be的句子则要先在主要动词的前面加上一个助动词（do,does,did），然后在它后面加上“not”，你也可以把它们缩写在一起如“don't , doesn't , didn't ）。

这三个助动词要根据人称和时态来选择，其中“does”只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况，而“did”只用于一般过去时，不论主语是什么人称和数，都用“did” 。

8.小学六年级复习重点

数学的公式： 1 每份数*份数=总数 总数÷每份数=份数 总数÷份数=每份数 2 1倍数*倍数=几倍数 几倍数÷1倍数=倍数 几倍数÷倍数=1倍数 3 速度*时间=路程 路程÷速度=时间 路程÷时间=速度 4 单价*数量=总价 总价÷单价=数量 总价÷数量=单价 5 工作效率*工作时间=工作总量 工作总量÷工作效率=工作时间 工作总量÷工作时间=工作效率 6 加数+加数=和 和-一个加数=另一个加数 7 被减数-减数=差 被减数-差=减数 差+减数=被减数 8 因数*因数=积 积÷一个因数=另一个因数 9 被除数÷除数=商 被除数÷商=除数 商*除数=被除数 小学数学图形计算公式 1 正方形 C周长 S面积 a边长 周长=边长*4 C=4a 面积=边长*边长 S=a*a 2 正方体 V：体积 a：棱长 表面积=棱长*棱长*6 S表=a*a*6 体积=棱长*棱长*棱长 V=a*a*a 3 长方形 C周长 S面积 a边长 周长=（长+宽）*2 C=2(a+b) 面积=长*宽 S=ab 4 长方体 V：体积 s：面积 a：长 b： 宽 h：高 （1）表面积=（长*宽+长*高+宽*高）*2 S=2(ab+ah+bh) (2)体积=长*宽*高 V=abh 5 三角形 s面积 a底 h高 面积=底*高÷2 s=ah÷2 三角形高=面积 *2÷底 三角形底=面积 *2÷高 6 平行四边形 s面积 a底 h高 面积=底*高 s=ah 7 梯形 s面积 a上底 b下底 h高 面积=（上底+下底）*高÷2 s=(a+b)* h÷2 8 圆形 S面积 C周长 ∏ d=直径 r=半径 （1）周长=直径*∏=2*∏*半径 C=∏d=2∏r (2)面积=半径*半径*∏ 9 圆柱体 v：体积 h：高 s；底面积 r：底面半径 c：底面周长 （1）侧面积=底面周长*高 （2）表面积=侧面积+底面积*2 (3)体积=底面积*高 （4）体积=侧面积÷2*半径 10 圆锥体 v：体积 h：高 s；底面积 r：底面半径 体积=底面积*高÷3 和差问题的公式； 总数÷总份数=平均数 （和+差）÷2=大数 （和-差）÷2=小数 和倍问题 和÷（倍数-1）=小数 小数*倍数=大数 （或者 和-小数=大数） 差倍问题 差÷（倍数-1）=小数 小数*倍数=大数 （或 小数+差=大数） 植树问题 1 非封闭线路上的植树问题主要可分为以下三种情形： ⑴如果在非封闭线路的两端都要植树，那么： 株数=段数+1=全长÷株距-1 全长=株距*（株数-1） 株距=全长÷（株数-1） ⑵如果在非封闭线路的一端要植树，另一端不要植树，那么： 株数=段数=全长÷株距 全长=株距*株数 株距=全长÷株数 ⑶如果在非封闭线路的两端都不要植树，那么： 株数=段数-1=全长÷株距-1 全长=株距*（株数+1） 株距=全长÷（株数+1） 2 封闭线路上的植树问题的数量关系如下 株数=段数=全长÷株距 全长=株距*株数 株距=全长÷株数 盈亏问题 （盈+亏）÷两次分配量之差=参加分配的份数 （大盈-小盈）÷两次分配量之差=参加分配的份数 （大亏-小亏）÷两次分配量之差=参加分配的份数 相遇问题 相遇路程=速度和*相遇时间 相遇时间=相遇路程÷速度和 速度和=相遇路程÷相遇时间 追及问题 追及距离=速度差*追及时间 追及时间=追及距离÷速度差 速度差=追及距离÷追及时间 流水问题 顺流速度=静水速度+水流速度 逆流速度=静水速度-水流速度 静水速度=（顺流速度+逆流速度）÷2 水流速度=（顺流速度-逆流速度）÷2 浓度问题 溶质的重量+溶剂的重量=溶液的重量 溶质的重量÷溶液的重量*100%=浓度 溶液的重量*浓度=溶质的重量 溶质的重量÷浓度=溶液的重量 利润与折扣问题 利润=售出价-成本 利润率=利润÷成本*100%=（售出价÷成本-1）*100% 涨跌金额=本金*涨跌百分比 折扣=实际售价÷原售价*100%（折扣利息=本金*利率*时间 税后利息=本金*利率*时间*（1-20%） 语文写作 多运用形容词，拟声词 恰当的成语、美丽的诗词可以给作文增分 要想改善作文水平，除了要多练习，多观察感悟生活 最重要的是要先学会模仿 胡适说“模仿是创新之母” 学学别人是怎么生动作文的 我们知道，作文是学生认识水平和语言文字表达能力的体现，是综合性的日常生活和工作必须的语文能力，也是一个人语文素养高低的重要标志。

古人科举应试“一篇文章定终身”有其片面性，但也有一定的道理。小学作文教学旨在培养学生初步的书面表达能力，这方面基础打得如何，将影响学生一生。